第七章
作者:(古希腊)伊索 |
字数:20078
赫耳墨斯和木匠
TheImageofMercuryandtheCarpenter
一个生活非常贫穷的木匠有一尊赫耳墨斯的木质雕像,他每天都向雕像祈祷自己有朝一日可以成为富翁。但是,不管他多么虔诚地祈祷,他的生活却每况愈下。终于,愤怒的木匠把雕像从底座上拿起来狠狠地摔到了墙上。雕像被摔碎了,木匠意外地发现雕像的头部竟然有很多黄金。木匠赶快把黄金捡起来,对着雕像说;“这真是矛盾啊!之前我对你那么虔诚,我却一无所获;如今我把你摔碎了,你反而给了我这么丰厚的回报。”
人们总是期待他们信仰的宗教可以给予回报。
Averypoorman,aCarpenterbytrade,hadawoodenimageofMercury,beforewhichhemadeofferingsdaybyday,andbeggedtheidoltomakehimrich,butinspiteofhisentreatieshebecamepoorerandpoorer.Atlast,beingveryangry,hetookhisimagedownfromitspedestalanddasheditagainstthewall.Whenitsheadwasknockedoff,outcameastreamofgold,whichtheCarpenterquicklypickedupandsaid,“Well,Ithinkthouartaltogethercontradictoryandunreasonable;forwhenIpaidyouhonor,Ireapednobenefits:butnowthatImaltreatyouIamloadedwithanabundanceofriches.”
Peopleexpectreligiontogivethemprofit.
孔雀和朱诺
ThePeacockandJuno
孔雀来到天后朱诺面前。向她诉说自己的不幸:我唱不出夜莺那么美妙、悠扬、打动人心的歌声,只要我开口,大家都会嘲笑我。朱诺安慰她说:“你虽然没有夜莺那么好的嗓子,但是你的外表和身材是出类拔萃的。你看你的脖子上闪耀着绿宝石的光辉。开屏时,你的羽毛更是五光十色,光彩照人。”“可是,我的羽毛也会因为我的嗓子黯然失色的。”“你们的命运是命运之神早已安排好的。他注定了你的美丽,夜莺动听的歌喉,渡鸦的吉兆,乌鸦的凶兆,老鹰的力量。所有的鸟儿都应该对神所赋予的东西感到满意才是啊!”
知足常乐吧,人不可能事事都争先的。
ThePeacockmadecomplainttoJunothat,whilethenightingalepleasedeveryearwithhissong,hehimselfnosooneropenedhismouththanhebecamealaughingstocktoallwhoheardhim.TheGoddess,toconsolehim,said,“Butyoufarexcelinbeautyandinsize.Thesplendoroftheemeraldshinesinyourneckandyouunfoldatailgorgeouswithpaintedplumage.”
“ButforwhatpurposehaveI,”saidthebird,“thisdumbbeautysolongasIamsurpassedinsong?”“Thelotofeach,”repliedJuno,“hasbeenassignedbythewilloftheFates—tothee,beauty;totheeagle,strength;tothenightingale,song;totheraven,favorable,andtothecrow,unfavorableauguries.Theseareallcontentedwiththeendowmentsallottedtothem.”
Becontentwithyourlot;onecannotbefirstineverything.
橡树和朱庇特
TheOaksandJupiter
橡树向朱庇特抱怨道:“我们毫无意义地承担着生活的重担。当别的树都在茁壮成长时,我们却要频繁地面对人们的斧头。”朱庇特回答说:“你们应该感谢这种所谓的‘不幸’。如果你们不能向农夫和木匠提供丰富的木材,体现出你们的价值,那么他们也不会用斧头来砍你们了。”
人们创造自己的命运。
TheOakspresentedacomplainttoJupiter,saying,“Webearfornopurposetheburdenoflife,asofallthetreesthatgrowwearethemostcontinuallyinperiloftheaxe.”Jupitermadeanswer,“Youhaveonlytothankyourselvesforthemisfortunestowhichyouareexposed:forifyoudidnotmakesuchexcellentpillarsandposts,andproveyourselvessoserviceabletothecarpentersandthefarmers,theaxewouldnotsofrequentlybelaidtoyourroots.”
Menmaketheirownfate.
众神保护的树
TheTreesUndertheProtectionoftheGods
根据古代的传说,众神选择一些树得到他们的特别保护。“众神之父”朱庇特选择的是橡树,维纳斯选择了香桃木,阿波罗比较偏爱月桂树,库柏勒的选择是松树,赫尔克勒斯决定维护杨树。看到他们选择的都是不会结果实的树木,密涅瓦感到很奇怪,就问他们为什么这样选择。
朱庇特回答说:“我们是不想贪图果实的荣誉!”但是密涅瓦还是不理解,说:“不要去在意别人的评价。我喜欢的依旧是果实累累的橄榄树。”听了她的话,朱庇特说:“女儿啊,你才是真正的聪明。假如我所做的一切没有成果,那荣誉也是徒劳的。”
要做有用的事情。
TheGods,accordingtoanancientlegend,madechoiceofcertaintreestobeundertheirspecialprotection.Jupiterchosetheoak,Venusthemyrtle,Apollothelaurel,Cybelethepine,andHerculesthepoplar.Minerva,wonderingwhytheyhadpreferredtreesnotyieldingfruit,inquiredthereasonfortheirchoice.
Jupiterreplied,“Itislestweshouldseemtocovetthehonorforthefruit.”ButsaidMinerva,“Letanyonesaywhathewilltheoliveismoredeartomeonaccountofitsfruit.”ThensaidJupiter,“Mydaughter,youarerightlycalledwise;forunlesswhatwedoisuseful,thegloryofitisvain.”
Dowhatisuseful.
善与恶
TheGoodsandtheIlls
恶看见善力量弱小,就把他赶离了人间。善于是去天上觐见朱庇特,请教和人类和谐相处的方法。善对朱庇特说:“恳求您不要再让我们在一起了,我们之间没有任何共同点,强迫在一起只能带来无穷无尽的灾难。”
朱庇特答应了他们的请求,但是要求从今往后恶要和自己同伴一起拜访人类,而善必须一个一个去。从此之后,恶总是成群结队的,而善则总是单个地降临到人们身上。
恶习是对他们自己的惩罚。
AlltheGoodswereoncedrivenoutbytheIllsfromthatcommonsharewhichtheyeachhadintheaffairsofmankind;fortheIllsbyreasonoftheirnumbershadprevailedtopossesstheearth.TheGoodswaftedthemselvestoheavenandaskedforarighteousvengeanceontheirpersecutors.TheyentreatedJupiterthattheymightnolongerbeassociatedwiththeIlls,astheyhadnothingincommonandcouldnotlivetogether,butwereengagedinunceasingwarfare;andthatanindissolublelawmightbelaiddownfortheirfutureprotection.
JupitergrantedtheirrequestanddecreedthathenceforththeIllsshouldvisittheearthincompanywitheachother,butthattheGoodsshouldonebyoneenterthehabitationsofmen.HenceitarisesthatIllsabound,fortheycomenotonebyone,butintroops,andbynomeanssingly:whiletheGoodsproceedfromJupiter,andaregiven,notaliketoall,butsingly,andseparately;andonebyonetothosewhoareabletodiscernthem.
Vicesaretheirownpunishment.
行人和命运女神
TheTravelerandFortune
一个过路人赶了很久的路,饿极了,筋疲力尽地倒在井边睡着了。就在他差一点要掉到井里的时候,命运女神出现了,对他说:“亲爱的先生,你赶快醒来吧!如果你不小心掉入了井里,那么我就要承担保护不力的骂名了。因为人类总是把灾难归咎于我,而从不检讨自己的行为。”
每个人都应该把命运掌握在自己的手里。
ATravelerweariedfromalongjourneylaydown,overcomewithfatigue,ontheverybrinkofadeepwell.Justashewasabouttofallintothewater,DameFortune,itissaid,appearedtohimandwakinghimfromhisslumberthusaddressedhim,“GoodSir,praywakeup:forifyoufallintothewell,theblamewillbethrownonme,andIshallgetanillnameamongmortals;forIfindthatmenaresuretoimputetheircalamitiestome,howevermuchbytheirownfollytheyhavereallybroughtthemonthemselves.”
Everyoneismoreorlessmasterofhisownfate.
朱庇特、尼普顿、密涅瓦和莫墨斯
Jupiter,Neptune,Minerva,andMomus
传说,朱庇特创造了人,海神尼普顿创造了牛,智慧之神密涅瓦创造了房子。他们经常为谁的工作是最完美的而争论不休。后来,他们推选嘲讽之神莫墨斯当裁判来评判他们的杰作。
莫墨斯非常嫉妒他们的创造,便说道:“尼普顿在创造牛的时候犯了一个错误,应该把牛角放在眼睛的下面,这样牛就可以更清楚攻击的方向。”他接着又指出朱庇特的错误:“你应该把人的心脏放在身体的外面,这样人们就能一下子分清好人和坏人,不会落入坏人的陷阱。”最后,他又批评密涅瓦的不是:“要是能在房子上安装轮子就好了。这样人们遇到不能和睦相处的邻居时,就能轻而易举地搬家。”朱庇特听了莫墨斯的无端指责,非常愤怒地把莫墨斯轰出了奥林匹斯山。
公正是一个评判者必须做到的。
Accordingtoanancientlegend,thefirstmanwasmadebyJupiter,thefirstbullbyNeptune,andthefirsthousebyMinerva.Onthecompletionoftheirlabors,adisputearoseastowhichhadmadethemostperfectwork.TheyagreedtoappointMomusasjudge,andtoabidebyhisdecision.
Momus,however,beingveryenviousofthehandicraftofeach,foundfaultwithall.HefirstblamedtheworkofNeptunebecausehehadnotmadethehornsofthebullbelowhiseyes,sohemightbetterseewheretostrike.HethencondemnedtheworkofJupiter,becausehehadnotplacedtheheartofmanontheoutside,thateveryonemightreadthethoughtsoftheevildisposedandtakeprecautionsagainsttheintendedmischief.And,lastly,heinveighedagainstMinervabecauseshehadnotcontrivedironwheelsinthefoundationofherhouse,soitsinhabitantsmightmoreeasilyremoveifaneighborprovedunpleasant.Jupiter,indignantatsuchinveteratefaultfinding,drovehimfromhisofficeofjudge,andexpelledhimfromthemansionsofOlympus.
Judgehonestlyornotatall.
乌鸦和赫耳墨斯
TheCrowandMercury
一次乌鸦掉入了陷阱就向阿波罗求救,并许诺用乳香作祭品来回报阿波罗。可是,乌鸦一获救就把他的诺言忘得一干二净了。不久之后,他又落入了陷阱,这次他向赫耳墨斯祈祷,并允诺了相同的回报。赫耳墨斯马上就出现了。对他说:“你怎么指望我会去相信一个背信弃义的家伙呢?”
一次谎言就会失去所有的信任。
ACrowcaughtinasnareprayedtoApollotoreleasehim,makingavowtooffersomefrankincenseathisshrine.Butwhenrescuedfromhisdanger,heforgothispromise.Shortlyafterwards,againcaughtinasnare,hepassedbyApolloandmadethesamepromisetoofferfrankincensetoMercury.Mercurysoonappearedandsaidtohim,“Othoumostbasefellow?howcanIbelievethee,whohastdisownedandwrongedthyformerpatron?”
Lieonceandyoumaynotbebelievedlater.
狮子、朱庇特和大象
TheLion,Jupiter,andtheElephant
烦恼的狮子多次向朱庇特抱怨说:“我的力量强大无比,我的外表无可挑剔,我拥有锋利的牙齿和爪子,我是‘百兽之王’,森林里所有的动物都害怕我。可是,有一件事情使我很难堪,那就是我一听到公鸡叫就会吓得两腿发抖。”
朱庇特回答狮子说:“你不应该来责怪我,我已经做了力所能及的一切,只不过是你的性格太软弱,没有足够的勇气罢了!”狮子听了朱庇特的解释,不断责备自己太胆小无能,为自己的悲惨命运痛哭流涕,最后决定一死了之。他就这么想着往前去,正好遇到了一头大象。他们就停下来相互交谈。在谈话的过程中,狮子发现大象一直摇晃着他的大耳朵,便问:“你怎么啦?为什么要经常扇动你的耳朵呢?”这时,恰好有一只蚊子围着大象的耳朵嗡嗡乱叫。大象指着蚊子对狮子说:“你看,我扇动耳朵就是为了防备这些小家伙的。别看他们个头不大,一旦钻进我的耳朵,我可就没命了。”
听了大象的话,狮子恍然大悟:“我应该比大象更幸福才是。我还有什么可抱怨的呢?”
世界总有不如自己的事物,不要盲目自卑。
TheLionweariedJupiterwithhisfrequentcomplaints.“Itistrue,OJupiter!”hesaid,“thatIamgiganticinstrength,handsomeinshape,andpowerfulinattack.Ihavejawswellprovidedwithteeth,andfeetfurnishedwithclaws,andIlorditoverallthebeastsoftheforest,andwhatadisgraceitis,thatbeingsuchasIam,Ishouldbefrightenedbythecrowingofacock.”
Jupiterreplied,“Whydoyoublamemewithoutacause?IhavegivenyoualltheattributeswhichIpossessmyself,andyourcourageneverfailsyouexceptinthisoneinstance.”
OnhearingthistheLiongroanedandlamentedverymuchand,reproachinghimselfwithhiscowardice,wishedthathemightdie.Asthesethoughtspassedthroughhismind,hemetanElephantandcameclosetoholdaconversationwithhim.AfteratimeheobservedthattheElephantshookhisearsveryoften,andheinquiredwhatwasthematterandwhyhisearsmovedwithsuchatremoreverynowandthen.JustatthatmomentaGnatsettledontheheadoftheElephant,andhereplied,“Doyouseethatlittlebuzzinginsect?Ifitentersmyear,myfateissealed.Ishoulddiepresently.”
TheLionsaid,“Well,sincesohugeabeastisafraidofatinygnat,Iwillnomorecomplain,norwishmyselfdead.Ifindmyself,evenasIam,betteroffthantheElephant.”
Thereisalwayssomeoneelseworseoffthanyou.
赫耳墨斯和砍柴人
MercuryandtheWorkmen
一位农夫在河边砍柴,不小心把斧头掉入了河中。丢掉维生工具的农夫坐在岸边失声痛哭。这时,赫耳墨斯出现了,听了农夫的讲述后非常同情他,表示愿意帮助他找回丢失的斧头。于是,赫耳墨斯一头扎进河中,一会儿之后,取出了一把金斧头,问农夫是不是他的,农夫摇摇头。赫耳墨斯又潜入了水中,这次带上来的是一把银斧头,农夫依旧摇头说,不是他丢掉的那把。赫耳墨斯只好第三次下水,这次拿上来一把锈迹斑斑的铁斧头。农夫欣喜若狂,说这正是他丢掉的那把。为了奖励农夫的诚实,赫耳墨斯把剩下两把斧头也送给了他。
回到家后,农夫把他的经历一五一十地告诉了他的朋友。其中有一个人非常羡慕农夫的好运气,就想照样试一试。于是他也拿了一把斧头在河边砍柴,故意将斧头丢入河中,然后装出很伤心的样子放声大哭。没过多久,赫耳墨斯果然出现了。听了他的不幸经历后,赫耳墨斯马上就潜到水中为他寻找斧头。一会儿之后,赫耳墨斯拿着一把金斧头上来了。那人一看就使劲点头,兴奋地大叫这正是他的斧头。赫耳墨斯对他的贪婪非常失望,不仅没有把金斧头送给他,还把他原先的那把也没收了。
诚实就是最有效的策略。
AWorkman,fellingwoodbythesideofariver,lethisaxedrop-byaccidentintoadeeppool.Beingthusdeprivedofthemeansofhislivelihood,hesatdownonthebankandlamentedhishardfate.Mercuryappearedanddemandedthecauseofhistears.Afterhetoldhimhismisfortune,Mercuryplungedintothestream,and,bringingupagoldenaxe,inquiredifthatweretheonehehadlost.Onhissayingthatitwasnothis,Mercurydisappearedbeneaththewaterasecondtime,returnedwithasilveraxeinhishand,andagainaskedtheWorkmanifitwerehis.WhentheWorkmansaiditwasnot,hedivedintothepoolforthethirdtimeandbroughtuptheaxethathadbeenlost.TheWorkmanclaimeditandexpressedhisjoyatitsrecovery.Mercury,pleasedwithhishonesty,gavehimthegoldenandsilveraxesinadditiontohisown.
TheWorkman,onhisreturntohishouse,relatedtohiscompanionsallthathadhappened.Oneofthematonceresolvedtotryandsecurethesamegoodfortuneforhimself.Herantotheriverandthrewhisaxeonpurposeintothepoolatthesameplace,andsatdownonthebanktoweep.Mercuryappearedtohimjustashehopedhewould;andhavinglearnedthecauseofhisgrief,plungedintothestreamandbroughtupagoldenaxe,inquiringifhehadlostit.TheWorkmanseizeditgreedily,anddeclaredthattrulyitwastheverysameaxethathehadlost.Mercury,displeasedathisknavery,notonlytookawaythegoldenaxe,butrefusedtorecoverforhimtheaxehehadthrownintothepool.
Truthisthebetterstrategy.
兔子Hare
野兔和猎狗
TheHareandtheHound
一只猎狗在追赶一只野兔,过了很久,也没有成功,于是就停止了追击。一个牧羊人看到停下来的猎狗,就嘲弄他:“依我看,那个小个子才是最佳的跑步选手。”猎狗回答道:“你并没有看出我们的差别:我是在为我的晚餐追赶,而兔子则是在逃命啊!”
动机决定行为。
AHoundstartedaHarefromhislair,butafteralongrun,gaveupthechase.Agoat-herdseeinghimstop,mockedhim,saying“Thelittleoneisthebestrunnerofthetwo.”TheHoundreplied,“Youdonotseethedifferencebetweenus:Iwasonlyrunningforadinner,butheforhislife.”
Motivationiseverything.
龟兔赛跑
TheHareandtheTortoise
一天,兔子嘲笑腿短、跑不快的乌龟。乌龟不服气地说:“尽管你可以跑得像风一样快,但是我依然可以在比赛中打败你!”兔子不以为然,觉得乌龟是根本不可能取胜的。于是。她接受了乌龟的挑战,并达成协议:由狐狸来选择并确定终点。到了比赛那天,乌龟和兔子一起出发了。乌龟不敢有丝毫松懈,一直努力地向前爬。而兔子却躺在路边睡大觉呢。她醒来之后,拼命地追赶乌龟。可这时,乌龟已经到达了终点,正在悠闲地散步呢。
坚持不懈的努力可以帮助我们赢得人生的比赛。
AHareonedayridiculedtheshortfeetandslowpaceoftheTortoise,whoreplied,laughing,“Thoughyoubeswiftasthewind,Iwillbeatyouinarace.”TheHare,believingherassertiontobesimplyimpossible,assentedtotheproposal;andtheyagreedthattheFoxshouldchoosethecourseandfixthegoal.Onthedayappointedfortheracethetwostartedtogether.TheTortoiseneverforamomentstopped,butwentonwithaslowbutsteadypacestraighttotheendofthecourse.TheHare,lyingdownbythewayside,fellfastasleep.Atlastwakingup,andmovingasfastashecould,hesawtheTortoisehadreachedthegoal,andwascomfortablydozingafterherfatigue.
Slowbutsteadywinstherace.
狮子和兔子
TheLionandtheHare
狮子看到一只熟睡的兔子,正想把她吃掉时,忽然瞥见有一头雄鹿匆匆经过。于是,狮子就丢下兔子去追雄鹿。兔子被响声惊醒,急忙逃走了。过了好长时间,狮子仍然无法顺利追赶到雄鹿,只好返回来寻找在睡梦中的兔子。当他跑回原来的地方时,发现兔子已经逃走了。两手空空的狮子失望地说:“我真是自作自受啊!竟然放弃可以轻易到手的猎物,而去追求希望渺茫的东西。”
要把握住眼前的机会。
ALioncameacrossaHare,whowasfastasleep.Hewasjustintheactofseizingher,whenafineyoungHarttrottedby,andhelefttheHaretofollowhim.TheHare,scaredbythenoise,awokeandscuddedaway.TheLionwasunableafteralongchasetocatchtheHart,andreturnedtofeedupontheHare.OnfindingthattheHarealsohadrunoff,hesaid,“Iamrightlyserved,forhavingletgoofthefoodthatIhadinmyhandforthechanceofobtainingmore.”
Taketheopportunityathand.
兔子和狐狸
TheHaresandtheFoxes
兔子和老鹰在争斗。处于劣势的兔子请求狐狸来帮忙。狐狸回答说:“如果我们不知道你们的力量以及你们的对手的话,本来是非常愿意帮忙的。”
做事情要审时度势。
TheHareswagedwarwiththeEagles,andcalledupontheFoxestohelpthem.Theyreplied,“Wewouldwillinglyhavehelpedyou,ifwehadnotknownwhoyouwere,andwithwhomyouwerefighting.”
Countthecostbeforeyoucommityourselves.
猎狗和兔子
TheDogandtheHare
一只猎狗在山脚下抓到一只兔子,一会儿用牙齿咬她,好像要取兔子的性命,一会儿又极力地讨好她,像是在和另一个同伴玩耍。痛苦不堪的兔子对猎狗说:“是敌是友?我恳求你露出真面目吧!如果我们是朋友,你为什么要那么用力地咬我?如果我们是敌人,你为什么要那样讨好我?”
如果你不清楚应不应该信任一个人,那么他就不会成为你的朋友。
AHoundhavingstartedaHareonthehillsidepursuedherforsomedistance,atonetimebitingherwithhisteethasifhewouldtakeherlife,andatanotherfawninguponher,asifinplaywithanotherdog.TheHaresaidtohim,“Iwishyouwouldactsincerelybyme,andshowyourselfinyourtruecolors.Ifyouareafriend,whydoyoubitemesohard?Ifanenemy,whydoyoufawnonme?”
Noonecanbeafriendifyouknownotwhethertotrustordistrusthim.
兔子和青蛙
TheHaresandtheFrogs
当一群兔子意识到自己是多么胆小的时候,他们伤心极了,决定集体跳进一个很深的池塘中,结束这屈辱的生命。于是,他们结伴来到池塘边。在岸上的青蛙听到他们的脚步声,吓得马上跳进了池塘里。看见这样的情景,一只兔子对他的同伴说:“等一下,伙伴们,你们都看见了,既然世界上还有比我们更怯懦的动物,我们又何必因此投水呢?”
世界上总会有不如你的人,不要因为自身的缺点就放弃希望。
TheHares,oppressedbytheirownexceedingtimidityandwearyoftheperpetualalarmtowhichtheywereexposed,withoneaccorddeterminedtoputanendtothemselvesandtheirtroublesbyjumpingfromaloftyprecipiceintoadeeplakebelow.Astheyscamperedoffinlargenumberstocarryouttheirresolve,theFrogslyingonthebanksofthelakeheardthenoiseoftheirfeetandrushedhelter-skeltertothedeepwaterforsafety.OnseeingtherapiddisappearanceoftheFrogs,oneoftheHarescriedouttohiscompanions,“Stay,myfriends,donotdoasyouintended;foryounowseethattherearecreatureswhoarestillmoretimidthanourselves.”
Thereisalwayssomeoneworseoffthanyourself.
麻雀和兔子
TheSparrowandtheHare
一只兔子被老鹰抓住了,在可怜地**着。一只麻雀看到了,就嘲笑兔子:“你那人人称赞的灵敏,哪里去了呢?为什么你会落到老鹰的手里呢?”当麻雀还在那里嘲笑兔子的时候,老鹰一下子就把他抓住了。看着麻雀遭受同样的命运,兔子像是得到了些许的安慰,对他说:“如果你足够敏捷的话,现在也不会和我一样。你还是为自己的灾难哭泣吧!”
同病相怜。
AHarepounceduponbyaneaglesobbedverymuchandutteredcrieslikeachild.ASparrowupbraidedherandsaid,“Wherenowisthyremarkableswiftnessoffoot?Whywereyourfeetsoslow?”WhiletheSparrowwasthusspeaking,ahawksuddenlyseizedhimandkilledhim.TheHarewascomfortedinherdeath,andexpiringsaid,“Ah!youwhosolately,whenyousupposedyourselfsafe,exultedovermycalamity,havenowreasontodeploreasimilarmisfortune.”
Miserylovescompany.
兔子和狮子
TheHaresandtheLions
兔子在动物们面前高谈阔论,提倡所有动物都应该平等。狮子听了之后说道:“哦,兔子,你的话确实不错,可问题是,我们有锋利的爪子和牙齿,而你们没有。”
要找准自己的位置。
TheHaresharanguedtheassembly,andarguedthatallshouldbeequal.TheLionsmadethisreply,“Yourwords,OHares!aregood;buttheylackbothclawsandteethsuchaswehave.”
Bepreparedtodefendyourposition.
马Horse
马和马夫
TheHorseandGroom
马夫经常花整天的时间来给马刷洗,但是同时他为了自己的利益,又偷偷地把马的饲料卖掉。马对他说:“如果你想要我看起来容光焕发,就应该把我的大麦留下,而不仅仅是只知道给我刷洗。”
外表不是一切。
AGroomusedtospendwholedaysincurrycombingandrubbingdownhisHorse,butatthesametimestolehisoatsandsoldthemforhisownprofit.“Alas!”saidtheHorse,“ifyoureallywishmetobeingoodcondition,youshouldgroommeless,andfeedmemore.”
Appearancesaren’teverything.
马和骑兵
TheHorseandHisRider
战争期间,骑兵和战马并肩作战,战马在危急关头为他效力;他也把战马照顾得无微不至,用干草和玉米来喂养他。等到战争结束,战马只能吃到一些谷壳,还要承担非常繁重的工作,像奴隶一样为骑兵服务。当战斗的号角再次吹响,骑士全副武装,给马戴上嚼子,手执武器骑上马背。然而长时间营养不良的战马已经无力承担他身体的重量,一次次地摔倒在地,最后只得对主人说:“你只能去当步兵了,因为你已经把我变成了一头只会干活的驴子了,但是你却无法在短时间内把我从驴子再变回战马。”
精心的照顾有利于实力的保存。
AHorseSoldiertooktheutmostpainswithhischarger.Aslongasthewarlasted,helookeduponhimashisfellow-helperinallemergenciesandfedhimcarefullywithhayandcorn.Butwhenthewarwasover,heonlyallowedhimchafftoeatandmadehimcarryheavyloadsofwood,subjectinghimtomuchslavishdrudgeryandill-treatment.
Warwasagainproclaimed,however,andwhenthetrumpetsummonedhimtohisstandard,theSoldierputonhischargeritsmilitarytrappings,andmounted,beingcladinhisheavycoatofmail.TheHorsefelldownstraightwayundertheweight,nolongerequaltotheburden,andsaidtohismaster,“Youmustnowgotothewaronfoot,foryouhavetransformedmefromaHorseintoanAss;andhowcanyouexpectthatIcanagainturninamomentfromanAsstoaHorse?”
Caredefinesability.
战马和磨坊主
TheChargerandtheMiller
一匹战马年老力衰,已经没有往日的威风,于是不得不离开战场,去磨坊推磨。面对繁重的工作,这匹老马难免为自己的不幸而感慨。“唉,”老马对磨坊主说,“我以前驰骋沙场,有专人照料我的生活,是多么威风!可现在呢,我究竟做错了什么,要每天来回推动这些磨盘。”磨坊主答道:“不要再回忆过去的光辉岁月了,生活总是有**有低谷的,凡夫俗子应该要乐天知命,心平气和地面对一切吧!”
生活不会总是一帆风顺的。
ACharger,feelingtheinfirmitiesofage,wassenttoworkinamillinsteadofgoingouttobattle.Butwhenhewascompelledtogrindinsteadofservinginthewars,hebewailedhischangeoffortuneandcalledtomindhisformerstate,saying,“Ah!Miller,Ihadindeedtogocampaigningbefore,butIwasbarbedfromcountertotail,andamanwentalongtogroomme;andnowIcannotunderstandwhatailedmetopreferthemillbeforethebattle.”“Forbear,”saidtheMillertohim,“harpingonwhatwasofyore,foritisthecommonlotofmortalstosustaintheupsanddownsoffortune.”
Fortunehasitsupsanddowns.
人、马、公牛和狗
TheMan,theHorse,theOx,andtheDog
天气非常寒冷,马、公牛和狗再也忍受不了严寒,纷纷求助于人。人非常热心,不仅把他们收留下,还为他们点起炉火取暖。人让马免费享用他的燕麦,为公牛提供充足的干草,把自己桌子上的肉分给狗吃。
受到了如此热情的招待,动物们决定好好回报这个人。最后,他们决定把各自一部分生命捐给人。于是,马把他早年的一段生命给了人,因此人们在幼年的时候,总是冲动、任性、固执地坚持自己的意见。公牛也拿自己的一部分生命送给了人,因此人到中年的时候,就会意识到劳动的重要性,每天勤勤恳恳、任劳任怨地工作。狗把他晚年的生命给了人,因此人们到了年老力衰的时候就会变得脾气暴躁、自私自利,只能容忍自己的家人,对那些陌生人或者他不满意、不需要的事物一概难以接受。
AHorse,Ox,andDog,driventogreatstraitsbythecold,soughtshelterandprotectionfromMan.Hereceivedthemkindly,lightedafire,andwarmedthem.HelettheHorsemakefreewithhisoats,gavetheOxanabundanceofhay,andfedtheDogwithmeatfromhisowntable.
Gratefulforthesefavors,theanimalsdeterminedtorepayhimtothebestoftheirability.Forthispurpose,theydividedthetermofhislifebetweenthem,andeachendowedoneportionofitwiththequalitieswhichchieflycharacterizedhimself.TheHorsechosehisearliestyearsandgavethemhisownattributes:henceeverymanisinhisyouthimpetuous,headstrong,andobstinateinmaintaininghisownopinion.TheOxtookunderhispatronagethenexttermoflife,andthereforemaninhismiddleageisfondofwork,devotedtolabor,andresolutetoamasswealthandtohusbandhisresources.TheendoflifewasreservedfortheDog,whereforetheoldmanisoftensnappish,irritable,hardtoplease,andselfish,tolerantonlyofhisownhousehold,butaversetostrangersandtoallwhodonotadministertohiscomfortortohisnecessities.
马和雄鹿
TheHorseandtheStag
曾经有一段时间,马过着舒适、安稳的生活。可是,有一天,马这样的生活被打断了,因为有一只雄鹿过来要和他一起分享一块草地。马想赶走这个讨厌的入侵者,就向人寻求帮助,问人是否愿意帮助他把雄鹿赶走。人答应了马,但是提出了一个条件:如果他成功把雄鹿赶走,就要在马的嘴里放一件东西。一心想达到目的的马爽快地答应了人的条件。当人骑上他的后背之后,满怀希望的马才意识到自己的处境:把雄鹿赶走是奢望,因为带上嚼子的自己已经沦为人的奴隶。
你在要求别人帮助你达到目的的时候,别人也会要求你这样做的。
AtonetimetheHorsehadtheplainentirelytohimself.ThenaStagintrudedintohisdomainandsharedhispasture.TheHorse,desiringtorevengehimselfonthestranger,askedamanifhewerewillingtohelphiminpunishingtheStag.ThemanrepliedthatiftheHorsewouldreceiveabitinhismouthandagreetocarryhim,hewouldcontriveeffectiveweaponsagainsttheStag.TheHorseconsentedandallowedthemantomounthim.FromthathourhefoundthatinsteadofobtainingrevengeontheStag,hehadenslavedhimselftotheserviceofman.
Ifyouallowmentouseyouforyourownpurpose,theywilluseyoufortheirs.
驴子和马
TheAssandtheHorse
一头驴子恳求马可以分给他一小部分食物。马对他说:“如果现在分给你一些的话,我也会挨饿了。到了晚上我们回到畜栏的时候,我会分给你更多的。”驴子回答他:“还是算了吧,你现在连一小部分都不舍得给我,难道到时候你会给我更多吗?”
现在得不到的施舍,也不要指望将来可以得到。
AnAssbesoughtaHorsetosparehimasmallportionofhisfeed.“Yes,”saidtheHorse,“ifanyremainsoutofwhatIamnoweatingIwillgiveityouforthesakeofmyownsuperiordignity,andifyouwillcomewhenIreachmyownstallintheevening,Iwillgiveyoualittlesackfullofbarley.”TheAssreplied,“Thankyou.ButIcan’tthinkthatyou,whorefusemealittlematternow,willbyandbyconferonmeagreaterbenefit.”
Withoutcharityinthepresent,don’texpectcharityinthefuture.
马和驴子
TheHorseandtheAss
马得意洋洋地到处炫耀自己华美的配饰。他看到一头驮着重物的驴子在大路上艰难地前进,就嘲笑他:“你行动真是艰难啊!我真想狠狠地踢你几脚!”驴子没有搭理他,只是默默地向天神祷告。没过多久,马就患病了,被赶到农田里干活。看着拉着粪车的马,驴子就取笑他:“嗨。吹牛的人,你的精美的配饰哪里去了呢?你怎么会沦落到这种地步呢?”
不能因一时的荣华就不可一世。
AHorse,proudofhisfinetrappings,metanAssonthehighway.TheAss,beingheavilyladen,movedslowlyoutoftheway.“Hardly,”saidtheHorse,“canIresistkickingyouwithmyheels.”TheAssheldhispeace,andmadeonlyasilentappealtothejusticeofthegods.NotlongafterwardstheHorse,havingbecomebroken-winded,wassentbyhisownertothefarm.TheAss,seeinghimdrawingadungcart,thusderidedhim,“Where,Oboaster,arenowallthy**trappings,thouwhoarethyselfreducedtotheconditionyousolatelytreatedwithcontempt?”
Betterhumblesecuritythangildeddanger.
狼和马
TheWolfandtheHorse
一只狼在田间四处闲逛,看到了一些燕麦。由于他是食肉动物,不宜吃燕麦,就转身离开了。不久,他遇到了一匹马,就把马带到那块田里,说:“我在这里看到了燕麦,我自己舍不得吃,专门留给你的,因为你咀嚼食物的声音非常动听。”马回答说:“啊哈!朋友,如果狼可以食用燕麦的话,你就不会把耳朵派上用场而让肚子无所作为了。”
臭名昭著的人即使做好事,也得不到别人的认同。
AWolfcomingoutofafieldofoatsmetaHorseandthusaddressedhim,“Iwouldadviseyoutogointothatfield.Itisfulloffineoats,whichIhaveleftuntouchedforyou,asyouareafriendwhomIwouldlovetohearenjoyinggoodeating.”TheHorsereplied,“Ifoatshadbeenthefoodofwolves,youwouldneverhaveindulgedyourearsatthecostofyourbelly.”
Menofevilreputation,whentheyperformagooddeed,failtogetcreditforit.